Impact pulverizing mill, including both cooling and vacuum means



S 3 1 RM Y S t o E. N e T N a A e NP R 9 E h E o 0 M S V M .v M n 2 w aA m m PM V S Y m 3 .B A j G 1 R. PLANIOL l 9 l l I I l I I h II Sept. 9,1952 IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL, INCLUDING BOTH COOLIN Filed Feb. 6, 1947R. PLANIOL Sept. 9, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1947 M Wm Q vMmm m d #mm mg i mm mm MN QQ kw w 2 ll Q MW 3 w A i h UEI B 1 m m /.||I.m Q. m T m k @u WWW I. \L R 9 mm Q i N ri Am 9 w i 3 J m Sept. 9, 1952R. PLANIOL 2,609,993

IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL, INCLUDING BOTH COOLING AND VACUUM MEANS FiledFeb. 6, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 8 WW I 1/ [Xi E H INVENTOR Rene P10221105W ATTO R N EY S Patented Sept. 9, 1952 IMPACT PULVERIZING MILL,INCLUDING BOTH COOLING AND VACUUM MEANS Ren Planiol, New York, N. Y.,assignor, by mesne assignments, to Plaroc, Inc., New York, N. Y., acorporation of New York Application February 6, 1947, Serial No. 726,907In Canada April 9, 1946 The present invention relates to attritionmethods and mills.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide a method and a millof the above type which can be operated without resort to steam or otherhigh pressure fluids for a high output of finely comminuted material fora given bulk of machine and a given power consumption and which shall beeffective for adequately comminuting even relatively'recalcitrantmaterials.

Another object is to provide a method and mill of the above type bywhich the comminution' is effected without much evolution of heat sothat the comminution may be effected to any desired degree of finenesswithout impairing or altering the physical or chemical state even ofheat sensitive organic materials being comminuted.

,In the accompanying drawings, in which is, shown one of variouspossible embodiments of the invention,

4 Claims. (Cl. 241-67) Fig. 1 is aview of the mill in longitudinal crosssection, V

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view on a larger scale radially through therotor, its bearing and the impact ring, and showing only one of theguide vanes,

Fig. 3 is a detailed view in transverse cross section, taken on line 3-3of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a view in transverse cross section on a larger scale, taken online 4-4 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detailview on a greatly enlarged scale, taken online 5-5 of Fig. 2 and with parts broken away,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view with parts broken away, taken on line 6-6of Fig. 2, i

Fig. 7 is a transverse cross section on a larger scale, taken on line'!'1 of Fig. 6, and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the hub, showing one of the guide vanesin'detail.

Referring now to the drawings, the mill comprises a basehavingisupporting columns 10 on suitable foundation H and carrying asystem of beams I2 bolted thereto and in turn carrying the cylindricalhousing I3 rising therefrom, bolted thereto at and enclosing theoperating parts of themill. i

The housing has a cover.

I5 upon the neck I6 of which rests the conicalbottomll ofthe f hopper H,the mouth of which delivers the granules, flakes, or other-smallparticles to be comminuted or pulverized to the center of a rotor plateIt coaxial therewith.

The rotor plate has an axle l8 with,,rotatable in ball bearings i9; and20 in a support structure 2| therefor mounted upon the integraltherebase structure. The axle also has a bearing? thereabout betweensaid ball bearings. Desirably the rotor mounting structure is itself acasing which encloses the electric driving motor 22 that is bolted at 24against the lower face of a flange plate 23 and connected by a coupling25 to the a lower end of the upright rotor axle I8.

The rotor plate is encompassed by an impact ring I affixed as by bolts26 to a flange 21 rigid with and desirably welded to the cover I5.Against this impact ring, the material is centrifugally hurled andthereby comminuted.

The housing I3 is hermetically sealed and maintained under a substantialvacuum by sucr tion applied through pipe 28 from a suitable vacuum pump(not shown), thereby to eliminate the retardation of the atmosphereandto cause the material to be hurled with greater force for.

greater impact against the impact ring.

To avoid overheating of the parts under the high speed of movementtherealong or there, against or the material being comminuted, meansis-preferably provided to circulate cooling fluid through the rotor anddesirably also through the impact ring. To this end a pump (not shown)preferably below the structure forces cooling fluid, such as oil,through the uprightpipe 29 and transversely of the bearing B into therotor axle l8, and then through the rotor 1 and out through another partof the bearing B by way of pipe 39 back to the source of cooling fluidsupply. a The comminuted material is dropped through. a dischargeconduit 3|, preferably of sheet metal which is desirably of annularcross section and which as shown, encompasses the rotor support ingcasing 2| and is in turn encompassed by the q Annular conduit 3i has aninlet housing l3.

or mouth 32 directly under the impact ringwI as shown. To avoid stickingof the fine particles to the wall of the discharge conduit 3!, one ormore separately encased electromagnetic yibrators 33 are desirablymounted on a transverseplate 34 aflixed to said conduit 3|, said. plate,

and with'it said conduitbeing suspended from 1 the flange 21 by coilsprings 35.

To avoid excessive overheatingof the encased motor 22-;and the encasedelectromagneticuvh...

brators 33 said parts'are hermetically sealed and .air is forced throughthe motor casing 2!. from a blower136 by way of duct 3'! anddesirablyalso by way of ducts 31' throughthe upper end'of. casing 2| tothe cases38 of the vibrators 33, whence the air escapes throughlvent pipes 39..'f The. foregoing description indicates the general relationship ofparts. A more detailed descripious -fragmentary views (Di-Figs. 6, -7and- 8; Each 3 tlon of a preferred construction of some of the elementsfollows:

The rotor plate R is provided with radiating vanes 40 extending from theperiphery of hub h outward to the periphery of the rotor. These vanesare preferably integral with" the rotor plate; and rise "from theupperface thereof. Wearstrips ll of hard metal, desirably a composition oftungsten and carbon known as Carboloy,"

are welded against the upstandingmibsllfl,lands. l0 .,v

an integral overhanging lip 4zgextends-ifor ward from the upper edge ofeach rib over the upper edge of the corresponding wearestrip M11;

The hub h of the rotor isprovided-preferably' with an upstanding guideknob 43, desirably in- 15- tegral with the rotor plate uponwhich-themate rial to be comminuted drops from the hopperl-lral. Guide vanes 44preferably rise from the hub area of the rotor plate about the centralknob wand their roots are aligned with the respectivehurling;vaneslrdfleasnbest shown-fin; Fig. 6. .'-;The.=lgui'de;l: vans5arercurveddrongitudinallyzupwanzl andfoiieev war that isgrtoleadninirotationvin advance ofsi th associated hurling evaness- 40; 1Each guideuvanetathus hasaits forward; andtuppen edge- =b+bperipherallyiabutg little *behind c the neighbor-ing-xz guide vane.-.Thus;sit :wil'l be'iseen thatltheLmate rialstozhe .c.omminuted,-=:asit drops-from the hopper; ,gfallsiiaround knob: liicupon and; betweenthe successived curved guide :vanes 4 la-and: the; linearspeed;thereofv-is -..progressiv.ely 'accelerat'edvas it moves .radially.soutward: zalongnthe hub by :cen- 1 triiugale force. Ihusmo-excessiveshock- -is =i-ncurred asthe :materialadrops uponwtheihub ofthe: rotorand a's it acceleratest inlmovingoutward;- The' guidewanes may beandpreferably are: de signedetos-effect'admissionasubstantially withoutii any sheen-whatsoever;- of the particles -that:-drop=- by gravity from=the'iho'pper,- and the acceleration -l;

thereon-is effected smoothly with a minimummf 40:;

wear-10f themachine.- Th' idea'l conditi'on would begavsosto formthevanes that the -component of the acceleration which is normal-to thesurface;- of the vane is a constant Results satisfactory in practice areattained if '45; the paJrtS are 'designed; as best shown-in the var-" ofthe' vanes-44 1s a straight line surface speci ically a conoida Theaxisc-a of the machine is one directrixmf the cono-id-and theeurve b--b- 5 is -the'-other directrix' thereofi Tha -radial upper.--= edge bb ofthe vane surface leads-the lower edgej =-c thereof by a fixed angle-, asshown. That-curve -is -so---confo'rmed that at" its-upper edge *b- -b,"the dropping= particles-scooped -by-' the- '55 V vaneare-;followed---closely by 1 the umden surfacethereoi for 'an instant,withoutpushing the'pan-w ticles'downward At; itsglower-endc, thetangentof -the-curveb-f-c is upright or parallel to -the axls-rz-a.--g;60 While" the guide-wanes-couldj if *desi-red,- -be" conoidal clear to-the-iroots of -;t hejhurling vanesl0;% 'i t is sufficientand-ingeneral-preferred to conform?" each guidefvane; as a conoid onlyatthe upper part" thereof; as shown-,--the lower or- 5; outermost areaof thefvane-being 'planey' as shogwngand tangential jto -'the-' lower"end of the conoidahsurface and constituting a rectilinearexten'siorr ofthe 'correspon'ding hurling vane-AU.{"-

Preferably-ahub ring 45*coversthefhubfrom =7 i ei'mou h 9f the; h erH-and has avperiphera msp ate 4H -re ting l-u on t e inn r ends h hhurling -vanes Alland, desirably. welded thereto; ehub. ri mfi .l hu asin confining the; p

lesft th tcommi u ed tu tilth yl are-b n. 475

serrated or'formedwith a surface that is toothed about .its=entireperiphery, as best shown in Fig. 5.:ivSince-,;the particles arecentrifugally hurled from the periphery of the rotor B only towardonefaceof each of the serrations, the forward t face 49 only of eachserration need be covered withii a :platei;;j19l6f6lfiblY:fOflihfiTSflIHB hard wear-resistant material asthat-.iat 541eonether; hurlingivaneszMz-ii The cooling; zarrangementzrsgenerally 1 described? :abolve -is preferably? of :the' followingspecific cont-i structionzzait The rotor; bearin'gzB L'is :providedxwitha pair offperipheralrgroovesafi'I? andsiili E'Tthe rupperflosai-dtgrooveszabeing desirabl'yiforoinlet ofslcoolin .fiuid zto zthe'rotorg t'an'dith'e 'lowerzfor return=th'ere'-" 1T ofn f".V'I'hES'BL'EgIOOVGSJiaI'G referablyi:determined each If'by. fa ring- 53endur respectively-,2rshrunk'" v upon athe rotorriaxleiit and-rotating:therewith, t I; eachabeingilchainnelzishaped in;crossi'sectionzrslTh':bearingiB'fi'ias 'an: outer sleeve 5! 'i'of considerabi larger'diameter thansringszli3::and@54, 4afiixed 58-ito :S'casing i 2i iWhichi encompasses two' beari-n collars 59, 60 with sockets 63protruding outwiardw throughz corresponding openin'gseinisaid sleeve.Pairs eof bearing bushings; '6 l L are threaded unto said bearingcollars at opposite endsi'thereof: flank iithe"z'respective'xshrunk'rings 53, 54 The ends of the shrunk rings 53, 54 ridel-in the ro tation:on the rotor '-ax-le "1-8 uponaoil sea-ls i=62. of conventionalconstructiorigwhic are' confiriew between the respective bushings 61 and'the 'end faces of the intervening shrunk rings 53, 54,-and areencompassed -by the beari-ng collars 59, 550. Inlet and outletpipestfsnd 30i respectively; are ,affixed in thesocke'tsf 'bea'ring collai s 5960,

The shrunk inletring-53 h'as'a multiplicity of apertures *GG'therethr'ough'; "each registering with the outturned=1ower end 61 of acorrespondingbore 68 rising therefrom.- long itudinally of the rotora'xle; Bor'e's sa are at uniform distance from the axis of-ax1e l8--near-'the periphe'r-y thereof; as sho'wrrin 2 and-41am; upper ends of bores-68-.'feed-into bores=fi9 'radially of the rotor: plate R andextendingvoutward to the rotor periphery; Similarly; shrunk-.outlet-ring' 54 has a multiplicity-of apertures l0 therethroughg eachregistering"with-the 'outtu'rned ltwver end ri 1| of -a correspondingbore 12 rising-therefrom longitudinally' of the' 'r-otor axle. *Bdieslfre at uniform "distance-from ut nearer the 'axis'o'f axle-1 8 than arebores -b8.--" 'li'he' 'upperends'of bores 12 feed into bores 13 radiallyof the rotor' plate R, an extending-*outward'to the periphery thereof--in contiguity to the comp'aniombor'es 69 Nearthe periphery-oftherotor-plate, the asso ciated'" feejd-andreturir bore-j=Iengths -59and 13 respectively, communicatejbyia' short. cross- 'bore 'f 14andlplugs lli .seal the outer *endsiofthe HSS'DE ciated-rotoribores. V.I l l t v a TlieiihoppereH "preferably-lies two; inlet. pipes:

acoaees 1s and 11 from 'which the ma ma be comminutedis deliveredthereinto and each of said lnletsis provided with a valve V, both valvesbeing normally closed as shown, sothat the vacuum applied throughconduit; 28 will be sus-' stained. Vacuum is also. desirably appliedthrough a conduit (not shown) above the vah e- V. The hopper H may berefilled through either valve V without seriously interfering with thevacuum.

The operation proceeds as follows: From the motor 22, the rotor, shaftrotor R are driven at high speed while thematerial from the hopper Hslowlyjdrops upon the hub h andisdirected by knob 43 to the various 1guide vanes 44 which gradually acceleratethe particles without shock asthey move outward,

vanes 40. Air resistance is eliminated by reason.

of the vacuum maintainedin housing I3, so'that the particles are hurledoff the periphery of the rotor at tremendous speed and withcorrespondingly tremendous impact against the impact ring I, where theparticles are shattered by striking the wear plates 50. The particlesthus hurled are reflected, as shown by arrows in Fig. 2, from theserrated impact ring I, the bevel of which is shown at 48, and movedownward through the annular discharge conduit 3| to a suitablecollector (not shown). The constant action of the electromagneticvibrators 33 agitates the conduit 3| and prevents the particles fromadhering to the walls thereof in the course of escape from the machine.

The moving parts are kept from excessive heating by the cooling system.The cooling oil is propelled by a pump (not shown) from inlet pipe 29 tothe peripheral groove 5| of shrunk ring 53, thence into the variousbores 68 upwardly in parallel through the axle l8 and thence radiallyoutward alon the bores 69 of the rotor plate R to the periphery thereof,and thence by way of cross bores 14 radially inward in parallel throughbores 13, and finally axially downward through the return bores 12 inthe axle to return to the pump by way of outlet groove '52 of shrunkring 54 through outlet pipe 30. In this operation no leakage occurs asthe joint 62 is maintained tight at the horizontal faces of the rings53, 54 that are shrunk onto the axle. From a similar source the coolingfluid passes through the length of the impact ring I by way of conduit1'! which extends in a zigza path along the serrations and the impactfaces thereof.

Accordingly, excessive heating both in the rotor plate and the impactring is avoided. Nor are the particles heated to such extent as toresult in rendering them plastic or promoting coalescence or sintering.Indeed, even biological material, such as grain or seeds may becomminuted by use of the present attrition mill without carbonization orother degeneration.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and method andmany apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could bemade without departin from the scope of the claims, it is intended thatall matter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I I8 and claim as new anddesire to secure by Letterszr Patent of the United States is: c 1. Animpact pulverizer comprising turn run extending inward near andsubstantially parallel to said first run and directly connected with theupper end of the corresponding outlet passageway in said axle and meansfor circulating cooling liquid by pressure propulsion in parallelthrough the several paths, each of which paths consists of an inletpassageway in the axle,

an outward run on the rotor, a return run on the rotor and an outletpassageway in the axle,

means for circulating cooling fluid through said ring, a housingenclosing said rotor and said impact ring, and means for maintaining theinterior of said housing under vacuum.

2. An impact pulverizer comprising a base, a cylindrical housing risingtherefrom, an inner casing coaxial therewith, a rotor at the upper endof said inner casing, having an axle, a hearing therefor, rotor drivingmeans within said inner casing, an impact ring about said rotor afiixedin said housing, a collector in said base, a discharge conduitintervening between said ring and said collector, and cooling means forsaid rotor, said cooling means comprising a pressure propulsioncirculating system for cooling fluid having an inlet at said rotorbearing, associated inlet and outlet annular chambers about said rotoraxle and within said bearing, and a multiplicity of longitudinal ductpairs through said rotor axle, one duct of each pair communicating withthe inlet chamber and the other with the outlet chamber, said rotorhaving radiating ducts arranged in pairs substantially under the.respective vanes extending to near the periphery of the rotor, theducts of each pair communicating with the respective axle ducts, thecompanion radiating ducts of each pair being directly connected togetherwithin and near the periphery of the rotor.

3. In an impact pulverizer, the combination of a rotor plate having anaxle, a bearing for said axle, said rotor having radiating upstandinghardened metal ribs, and means for coolin said ribs during operation,said means comprising a pair of annular grooves in said bearing aboutsaid axle, one constituting an inlet and the other an outlet for coolingfluid, cooling circuits connected in parallel between said annulargrooves and comprising a multiplicity of duct pairs for such coolingfluid, each duct pair comprising a length from the associated groovelongitudinally of the axle, thence radially of the rotor plate, eachduct pair in the rotor plate being connected together near the peripheryof the latter and means exteriorly of said annular grooves andcommunieating therewith for circulatin cooling fluid under pressurethrough said circuits in parallel.

4. An impact pulverizer comprising a horizontal rotor,.an uprightdriving axle thereunder, an impact ring encompassing theperiphery ofsaid rotor and adjacent thereto, an annular discharge conduit under therotor and impact plate and a hopper, f a rotor plate having a verticalaxle therebelow, 1 means for rotating the axle, inlet and outletp':assageways longitudinally of said axle, said plate having radiatinghurling vanes, a stationary im pact ring about said plate, said platehaving radiating passageways therein near the respective vanes, eachincluding (1) a run extending sue ward to near the periphery thereof anddirectly I connected with the upper end of the corresponding inletpassageway in said axle and (2) a :re-'

